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3 hrs agoAs a complex and often isolating disorder, addiction is a mental health disorder that requires complex support – from professionals, from the resources available to the individual, and also from the close friends and family around them. However, addiction affects every individual case differently, meaning that there is no ‘one size fits all’ approach to care, and what works for one individual may not necessarily work for another. For example, addictions are generally classified as being a substance addiction or a behavioural addiction – each of which have specific effects, treatments, and forms of support available in South Africa.
Generally, most information in this article is in reference to substance addictions such as alcoholism (an alcohol addiction which requires specialised alcohol rehab or alcohol detox to overcome – See more here), though most information can be applied to specific behavioural addictions such as those to the internet, screens, and online engagement. This article will cover supporting a loved one in South Africa with addiction, as well as how an addiction may impact them in different ways.
How can addiction impact individuals in South Africa? Depending on a number of factors, every individual in South Africa will have a different experience and experience different impacts as a result of addiction. Some of these key factors are listed below:
Pre-existing mental health issues The following subheadings outline some more specific areas of an individual’s life, but as every individual is likely to have a different experience of addiction in South Africa, these may not all apply to every individual case.
1. Physical health: Depending on the substance or the behaviour, an individual may experience a number of different physical health issues as a result of their addiction – and this often worsens exponentially over time if not recognised and/or treated in a timely manner. For example, heroin is an extremely physically addictive substance, meaning that it becomes directly involved within the body’s everyday processing and therefore can take a careful withdrawal process in South Africa in order to avoid long-term health risks and life-threatening consequences. Screen addictions, however, may not have so many direct impacts on an individual’s physical health, but increased time in front of a screen can lead to eye issues and neck strain; one study even researched the link between screen time and exercise in adolescents, suggesting that it may also be linked to obesity in young adulthood (1).
2. Mental health: Though addiction is considered to be a mental health issues in on itself, it is also heavily linked to other mental health issues in a phenomenon known as a dual diagnosis. Dual diagnosis is where an individual is diagnosed with having more than one mental health issue (including addiction), but it can also be more than this. Studies suggest that the more “serious” the addiction is diagnosed as, the more likely it is that individuals will have additional mental health issues (2). Commonly co-occurring mental health issues include anxiety and depression, but also disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, for example.
3. Social life & responsibilities: When an individual is struggling with addiction in South Africa, another common symptom of this is that the individual becomes increasingly withdrawn from their social life, relationships, and any potential responsibilities that they may have such as their work or school.
As an individual attempts to cover up their addictive behaviours, they can often worsen their situation, often requiring additional therapy and treatment to overcome in the future. In addition, the desire to engage in addictive behaviours can also take away from an individual’s time engaging in their everyday activities and therefore seriously impact their ability to work effectively, either at home or at their place of work.